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KMID : 0903619890300040319
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Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science
1989 Volume.30 No. 4 p.319 ~ p.330
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Changes in Ethylene Production , ACC Content , and EFE Activity of Various Floral Parts during Senescence of Cut Carnations as Affected by Silver Thiosulfate
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Abstract
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This study was conducted to investigate the changes in ethylene production, 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) content, and ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) activity of various floral parts during senescence of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers, and to determine the effect of silver thiosulfate (STS) on these changes. Greenhouse-grown `White Sim´ carnations were harvested at open stage and pulsed with distilled water (control) and 4 mM STS for 30 minutes, and then kept in distilled water at 21℃ under continuous light. Senescence symptom of carnation flowers, ethylene production, ACC content, and EFE activity of various floral parts were measured. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1. Vase-life of STS-pretreated flowers was extended double as compared with control flowers. STS-treated flowers senesced and wilted slowly without sleepiness, inrolling of petals, which control flowers showed. The difference of senescence symptoms between control and STS-treated flowers was derived from the difference of their ethylene production.
2. Ethylene production by whole flowers in control was very low till day 4, and increased rapidly until day 6, and then decreased rapidly. STS greatly inhibited ethylene production of whole flowers.
3. Climacteric peaks of ethylene production appeared synchronously at day 6, when petals began to wilt, in all floral parts of control flowers, though STS-treated flowers did not show climacteric ethylene peaks in the floral parts except ovary and receptacle. Height of ethylene peaks was highest in styles, high in ovary and receptacle, low in petals, and lowest in calyx. Ethylene production of petals, however, occupied a great portion of whole ethylene production per flower, because fresh weight of petals amounted to 80% of whole fresh weight.
4. ACC content of petals in control flowers rose rapidly after initial wilting of petals at day 6, and continuously increased until dryness of petals. EFE activity of petals, however, showed a sharp peak at day 6 and then decreaed rapidly. Ethylene production of petals showed a similar pattern to EFE activity. It is postulated that ethylene production of carnation petals is controlled mainly by EFE activity. STS strongly suppressed ACC content and EFE activity of petals, and so ethylene production of petals was thoroughly inhibited by STS.
5. ACC content of ovary was relatively high at the harvesting time and increased rapidly till day 6 and then decreased, whereas EFE activity of ovary appeared relatively low. Consequently ethylene production of ovary showed intermediate high level. STS did not affect ACC content and decreased EFE activity of ovary, and so ethylene production of ovary was little inhibited by STS.
6. Though ACC content of styles was relatively low, EFE activity was much high, and so ethylene production of styles showed highest level. STS markedly suppressed ACC content but did not affect EFE activity of styles, and so ethylene production of styles was significantly inhibited by STS treatment.
7. Changes in ACC content, EFE activity and ethylene production of receptacle were similar to those of ovary. Calyx showed low ethylene production, ACC content and EFE activity. STS inhibited the increase of ACG content and EFE activity, and decreased ethylene peak of receptacle,
8. It was discussed that the mechanism of ethylene production and its inhibition by STS were different among the floral parts.
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